Improvement in casting types for printing



NiTED v STATES PATENT Ormeso GEORGE SOHAUB, OF HAMBURG.

IMPROVEMENT IN CASTING TYPES FOR PRINTING.

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 19.797, dated March 30, 1852.

ner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described andascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say- My said invention consists in manufacturing types for printing, the heads or printing-surfaces of which said types are made, as hereinafter explained, and illustrated by the drawing,'of copper or alloy of copper, zinc or alloy of zinc, nickel or alloy of nickel, or such i other metal or alloy as is or may be suitable for the production of the said type-heads or printing-surfaces; also, of the manufacture of spaces used in setting up types, as herein explained. The said heads or printing-surfaces of the types are made either by the process of electro-deposition or by mechanicalv means. When the said heads are made by electrodeposition, I effect the deposition of copper or other suitable metal or alloy in molds constructed in the manner illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

I'take a series of bars of metal of the form represented in plan at @Figure l, the said bars being plain on one side and serrated on the other, as represented. I prefer to join two of the bars a together, back to back, so as to form a compound bar of the shape represented at Z. When the serrated faces of the bars a b are presented to each other, spaces of the form represented at c, Fig. 2, are left between the said bars, and in the said spaces c c types of the ordinary kind are dropped, aghe heads of the said types projecting above the tops of the plates in which the holes c c are formed. A frame, e, is provided with a series of the compound bars b Z1, which said bars are fixed in the said frame e by two screws, ff.

The said frame e is dropped into a shallow box, g.

Fig. 3 represents in longitudinal section the box g, containing the frame e, with the com` pound bars b b. The summits or heads of the types are marked d d in Fig. 3.

Fig. 4 represents a transverse section of Fig. 2. A cast is taken of the heads of the types d d by plaster-ofparis, gutta-percha,or otherwise; or I take an impression from the said types by the well-known electrotype process. I then deposit copper or other metal or alloy in the cast or mold obtained, as described, and thus procure a sheet of metal consisting of the heads of types arranged in a series side by side, and having depressed divisions between them, so that they can afterward be readily divided. I attach or run soft solder on the lback of the sheet of type-heads, and by filing or otherwise reduce the thickness of the sheet, so that the parts between the type-heads shall be very thin. I place the said sheet of typeheads on the bottom of the box g, the soldered backof the sheet of type-heads being uppermost. I then place upon the sheet of typeheads the frame e, (filled with the bars b b,the spaces c c being unoccupied.) I then fill the box g with molten type-metal, which runs down and fills the spaces c c, the said typemetal attaching itself to the soldered plate, which closes the bottoms of the spaces c c. There is thus produced aseries of type-bodies soldered at one end tothe sheet of type-heads, each of the type-bodies being immediately at the back of one of the type-heads. The superA iuous metal is poured from the box Vg, and when the molds or bars b b have sufficiently cooled and the metal in the spaces a chas solidied the screws f f are withdrawn and the barsV b b liberated. On the removal of the plates or bars b bthe sheet of type-heads hav.- ing type-bodies soldered at their backs is divided by sawing or breaking oft'. The broken edges of the type-heads are rendered smooth by grinding or otherwise. The bottom of the Y type is shaped, and the guide in the side thereof produced by'filing or. otherwise.

When I produce a sheet of type-heads by mechanical means, I emboss or raise the same by dies and pressure, according to the wellknown processes of raising metals. I afterward attach the type-bodies to the backs of the type-heads, and finish the types in the manner already described with reference to Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4. v

I sometimes dispense with the box g, making the frame e of greater height than is represented in the drawings, so as to enable it to hold a depth of liquid metal equal to that held by the box g. I close the bottom of the frame e by a plate of metal or by a plaster or electrotype cast, in which the sheet of type-heads fits.

My method of casting type-bodies is applicable to the casting of the pieces used in letter-press printing, called spaces, quadrats/7 and otherwise, which spaces and quadrats are used, as is well known, between the letters, words, or lines in printing. I cast the said Vspaces and quadrats by the use of the plates b b, the spaces c c being made of the requisite size and form. The bottom of the frame e is closed with a plain surface.

I sometimes effect the various kinds of casting herein described under pressure. l

I will describe the method I pursue with reference to Figs. 2 and 3. The top of the box gis closed by a plate, or the said plate rests upon the top of the frame e. A funnel of any desired height is fixed in a hole -in the said plate, and the molten metal is poured down the said funnel and made to fill the spaces c c and the funnel. The pressure of the molten metal in the said funnel makes the casting more dense and sound. Vhen the plate rests upon the top ofthe frame e, a channel is made from the funnel on the under surface of the said plate communicating with a series o branch channels running over each row of the spaces c c. The said channels conduct the metal from the funnel to the several spaces in which the casting is effected.

Having now described the nature of my said invention and the manner of carrying thesame into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise details herein described and represented, as the same may be varied without departing from the naturel of my said invention; but

I claim as my invention- The new or improved manufacture of types' GEORGE SCHAUB.

Witnesses:

GEORGE SHAW, RICHARD SKERRETT.

lli. 

